Informes recientes revelan una estrecha relación entre la migraña y los trastornos gastrointestinales (GI), como la enfermedad celíaca (EC) y la sensibilidad al gluten no celíaca (NCGS). La EC es un trastorno genético autoinmune, que afecta la mucosa del intestino delgado.
Migraine is a common neurovascular disorder affected by various levels of neurotransmitters. Low histamine metabolism is also related with pathophysiology of migraine.
As diamine oxidase (DAO) gene variants are linked with higher levels of histamine in migraine patients, we investigated the possible relationship of two variants rs2052129 and rs10156191 of this gene with migraine risk in North Indian population.
Histamine is the major mediator of IgE- and non-IgE-mediated allergic reactions upon allergen or
hapten contact. Reduced histamine degradation capacity was associated with atopic eczema as well as with nonimmunological
histamine intolerance.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, mostly affecting young adults. Diamine oxidase is an enzyme essential for histamine production. Histamine which is produced mostly by mast cells can have effects on different aspects of immune system via its different histamine receptors (H1R, H2R, H3R and H4R).
Histamine intolerance represents a controversially discussed disorder. Besides an impaired degradation of orally supplied histamine due to diamine oxidase (DAO) deficiency, a deranged gut flora may also contribute to elevated histamine levels
Diagnosis of histamine intolerance (HIT) has been based on low serum diamine oxidase (DAO) values, functional gastrointestinal disorders and improvement of symptoms with a histamine-reduced diet (HRD). In a retrospective analysis of outpatients’ charts we identified 101 patients with HIT. After a median of 13 months, a questionnaire was distributed to the patients so that they could be classified into four diet-compliance groups.
Low-histamine diets and/or exogenous diamine oxidase (DAO) supplementation are currently used to treat symptoms of histamine intolerance (IH), a disorder in histamine homeostasis that increases its plasma levels, mainly dou to DAO deficiency. Headache is the most recognized symptoms.
The plasma DAO level of survivals [14.0 (7.1; 26.5) ng/mL] was significantly lower than the nonsurvivals [58.6 (32.5; 121.3) ng/mL, P < .001]. The plasma DAO level, hepatic encephalopathy, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score were independent factors associated with the 1-month mortality for ACHBLF.
Diamine oxidase (DAO) catabolizes and inactivates histamine, a key player in a wide range of invalidating conditions, such as migraine and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The highest expression of DAO occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, possibly to control the burden of histamine intake from food.
